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Showing posts with label table of elements. Show all posts
Showing posts with label table of elements. Show all posts

Friday, December 3, 2010

What does a periodic table have on it?

Elements. The periodic table has elements on it. Elements are arranged in the periodic table in rows and columns. The elements are arranged in the periodic table in the increasing order of their atomic numbers.

What are elements?

Elements are pure substances. They are made up of only one type of particles (atoms) throughout. There are 118 elements discovered till today. The elements make up all things in nature. They combine to form compounds, and all rocks, soils, air, water, are all made up of elements and compounds.

There are many different types of elements based on their physical states, chemical reactivity, and chemical properties. The most common classification of elements is metals, non metals, and metalloids (or semimetals). Metals are the elements like iron, gold, silver etc. Non metals are elements like oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, carbon (like graphite and diamond), etc,

Since there are so many elements, so many types of elements, and so many chemical and physical properties of atoms of those elements, that it is essential for scientists, physicists, and chemists world over to be able to study, classify, organize and view all elements in a uniform way. Therefore elements are arranged in a table of elements, known as the periodic table of elements. Thus arises the need of a periodic table. A periodic table is used to arrange the elements so that they are in an orderly fashion and they are classified properly.

The periodic table is arranged in the increasing order of the atomic numbers of elements. It has seven rows and eighteen columns. Elements from left to right in each row have increasing atomic numbers by 1. At the end of each row, elements are arranged from left to right in the next row. In the first row of the periodic table, there are 2 elements, in the second and third row, there are 8 elements each; in the fourth and fifth row 18 elements each, and in the 6th and 7th rows, there are 32 elements each. The 7th row is considered to be an incomplete row, since newly discovered elements are added in it continuously.

There are two types of elements, one is the elements than occur naturally, and the other is the elements that are synthesized artificially. The artificially synthesized elements are not found in nature, but are made by people in the laboratory after a lot of work. These elements are generally the byproducts of radioactive elements.

Thursday, December 2, 2010

What is the periodic table?

The periodic table is an arrangement of elements in rows and columns. It is a table of elements.. At each intersection of a row and a column, one element is placed. There are a total of 118 different elements in the periodic table.

There are 7 rows and 18 vertical columns in the periodic table. The rows are called the periods in the periodic table and the columns are called the groups in the periodic table.

Elements are arranged in increasing order of their atomic numbers in the periodic table. This means that the first element has atomic number of 1 and the successive elements have atomic numbers 2, 3, 4, and so on.

The periodic table was made in order to arrange all known elements in a proper order, so that scientists worldwide can refer to it and not be confused by one anothers references. The periodic table was made in order to study the elements properties in an orderly way, and to avoid chaos in studying the properties of elements.

The periodic table helps us to remember all the elements. It classifies elements on the basis of their properties. For example, the metals are placed on the left and the middle of the periodic table, the non metals are placed on the extreme right of the periodic table, whereas the metalloids (semi-metals) are placed in the middle of the metals and the non metals in a zig-zag line in the periodic table.

So, to summarize it, the periodic table is a table of elements arranged in ascending order of their atomic numbers in rows and columns such that elements with the same chemical properties get huddled together in a group in the periodic table.
This is because the periodic table is arranged in the increasing order of the atomic number of elements, and the periodic law states that “The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers”